Yes, on eligible versions.
Microsoft lists nano-SIM and eSIM on eligible Wi-Fi + 5G configurations, depending on market. Wi-Fi-only configurations do not qualify. Confirm the full configuration and provider support for Windows.
See manufacturer evidenceCheck your tablet
Match the model number
Open Settings → System → About. Match the number and original sales region against the manufacturer’s specifications.
Find the eSIM settings
On a cellular Surface, look for the option to manage eSIM profiles. Check Settings → Network & internet → Cellular → eSIM profiles (wording varies with Windows version).
Confirm carrier unlocking
Ask the original carrier and chosen provider about device restrictions. Confirm that the plan supports this exact Windows cellular configuration, rather than assuming a phone plan will work. Your provider still needs to support your device.
Official evidence
Each regional source covers the models sold in that market.